The prospect of hand and face donations may make signing up to be an organ donor more complicated than checking a box on the back of your driver license, the Associated Press reported.
Currently, enrolling to be an organ donor means "your heart, liver or kidney could save someone's life," according to NY1. However, the federal government is looking to add face and hands to the list, expanding the kinds of organs Americans can donate, the AP reported.
Once those organs are regulated in July 2014, people who are disabled or disfigured could have a chance at this "radical kind of reconstruction, "the Boston Globe reported. However, according to the AP, one of the first challenges is deciding how people should consent to donating these visible body parts - without deterring them from traditional donation.
According to NY1, this might be an issue because some people may want to "donate some but not all of their organs and an all or nothing approach could lead to a decrease in donors."
Suzanne McDiarmid, who chairs the committee of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) that will develop the new policies over the next few months, told the AP the goal is to not undermine public trust and make it clear to potential donors that an organ is now defined as including a hand or a face.
"The consent process for the life-saving organs should not, must not, be derailed by a consent process for a different kind of organ that the public might think of as being very different from donating a kidney or a heart or a liver," she said.
According to the AP, some specialists say people should receive a list of body parts when they first sign an organ donor card - to specify exactly what they do and don't want donated at death.
"Ethically it is the right thing to do so the potential donor has a choice," Vijay Gorantla, medical director of the University of Pittsburgh reconstructive transplant program told the AP.
Gorantla said he is closely watching how UNOS will tackle this issue.
Face and hand transplants are experimental and rare, according to the AP. An estimation of 27 hand transplants have been performed in the U.S. since 1999, and seven partial or full face transplants have been performed since 2008,
However, reconstructive surgeries are gradually increasing as more hospitals offer the complex surgeries.
According to the Boston Globe, deciding who qualifies for a hand or face transplant and how to find a match and approach a potential donor's family, have been done on an informal, case-by-case basis.