Teaching patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease coping techniques could help them mentally and physically.

Researchers from Duke University Medical Center found that coaching COPD patients to manage stress, practice relaxation and participate in light exercise can boost a patient's quality of life and can even improve physical symptoms.

"COPD is an increasingly important public health problem. It's a debilitating and distressing illness," researcher Scott Palmer, an associate professor of pulmonary medicine at Duke and medical director of the project, said in a statement. "Our work has established an innovative and important intervention that could improve patient quality of life. Although it has not translated into improved survival rates, this approach is worthy of further investigation."

During the five-year study, which was based at Duke University Health System and Ohio State University, 147 COPD patients participated in coping skills training. Psychologists provided regularly scheduled phone sessions, offering patients and their caregivers general information about COPD, step-by-step instruction in relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, tensing and releasing muscles, and ways to manage their reactions to stressful events.

For comparison, psychologists provided a separate group of 151 patients with phone consultations on topics including medication and nutrition. They did not teach specific coping techniques.

Participants who received coping skills training reported improvements in their overall mental health, and lessened depression, anxiety, fatigue and shortness of breath when compared to the control group.

The findings suggest that the low-cost approach could enhance quality of life, reduce distress and somatic symptoms, and improve physical functioning for patients.

"Patients with COPD do not often seek mental health services," James Blumenthal, the J.P. Gibbons professor of behavioral medicine in the department of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Duke University, said. "Given the other issues patients face with this illness, they may not feel as though mental health treatment is a priority.

The findings were published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine.